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Bali
is one of thousands of islands constituting the
Indonesia Archipelago that has long been
renowned as an eminent tourist destination in
South Pacific, Many names have been given to
this beautiful island, like, The God Islands ,
the last paradise on earth, morning of the words
and so many other name for Bali.
It has for centuries lured visitors from various
countries with exotic and vibrant culture,
natural scenic beauty, and the friendly smiles
of the people and the stronghold of their
tradition and belief based on Hinduism has
dotted the island with ancient remains, ornately
sculpture temples or holly places and this was
the main factor to keep away from negative
outside influence.
History
The Balinese had already owned their belief and
culture When Hinduism was brought into Indonesia
about 2000 years ago, The Hindu kingdoms in
central and east java had their great influence
over Bali, but when a new religion, Islam came
in, the Hindu kingdoms in java became less
powerful. At that time large number of priest,
noblemen and their follower refused the new
religion And escape to Bali. They blended their
belief and traditions with those of local
people, A blend of which is inherited bye the
present Balinese people, the rich culture which
is instead of the scenic beauty of the islands.
Religion & Customs
Hindu
religion (Hindu Dharma) is held by almost 95% of
the population. Religion is inseparable from the
everyday life, from The simple daily rituals to
the lavishly semi annually temple festivals. No
opportunity is lost to worship God in an
unending series of ceremonies that stretches
from birth up to after death of the people.
There are the three things guiding the spiritual
Life of the Hindu Balinese people which are :
Tatwa (philosophy), Susila (etiquette),
Upacara (rituals). Upacara manifests it self in
innumerable ceremonies, such as the semi
annual
or annual
temple festivals, ordination ceremonies,
cremation, tooth filling and wedding ceremonies
and sacrifices. Balinese cremation ceremony or
NGABEN, one of the local rites most frequented
by tourist to island. Contrary to popular
belief, Balinese cremation rites are not
strictly traditional. They Have their roots in
the influence of the Hindu Javanese Majapahit
empire over of the island, in particular with
the entry of Majapahit Hindu priest and
missionary Dang Hyang Dwijendra in the 17th
century.
The people & Everyday Life
Everyday life in Bali merges with
social duties and religious obligations while
the art reelects an unnoticed integration of
environment, religion and community in which
individual is a part. The organization of the
villages, land cultivations up to the creations
of art are of communal efforts. A village in
Bali is the central place for its people while a
family is the basic unit of the Balinese society
which is grouped into “Banjar” the group unit of
several families. Bali is also known for its
wide variety of tropical fruit, such as mango,
banana, watermelon. Salak, durian the tasty but
smelly one and many others
Ceremonies
And Special Event
Festival as an important feature of the Balinese
life occurs on fixed dates according to the
Balinese Calendar, Instead of temple festival
take place mostly in 210 days or every six
months. There are annual cycle and every six
month celebrations ceremony, life cycle
ceremonies of a Balinese person since the time
inside the mother’s womb followed in stages up
until marriage and the most important of the
Balinese ritual is that includes funeral rites
and cremation. Here some of the ceremonies
celebration are as follows:
Galungan, the most important
ceremony, symbolizing the victory of virtue
(Dharma) upon evil (adharma), the ceremonies is
specially by the fitting of penjor a tall
bamboo pole splendidly decorated with woven
young coconut leaves, fruit, cakes and flowers,
on the right side of every house entrance.
Kuningan,
this ceremony takes place ten days after
Galungan, on this day, special ritual ceremony
held for the ancestral spirits.
Nyepi, the holiday is the Balinese’s New
Year called Icaka New Year, the day of total
silence through out the islands. No activity is
done, no traffic at all on the roads, no fire,
and no amusement held for the day long. Great
purification and sacrificial rites were held the
day before so as to exorcize evil spirits from
every corner of the compound.
To maintain and preserve every aspect of the
Balinese’s cultural life, annual festivals have
been held bye the Provincial Government, such as
: The annual Art Festival usually Takes places
in every middle of June to middle of July with
exhibition and performances of various kinds of
artworks and cultural achievements, kite
festival.
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